Abstract
Negative consequences of sand recovery from the formation and methods for preventing the formation of sand plugs at the bottom of wells have been considered. The experimental studies of the removal rate of the solid phase from the well bottomhole by the gas flow and foam systems have been conducted with the help of the laboratory well model. According to the study’s results on the well model, the minimum required velocities of the gas flow for the removal of sand particles of different diameters were determined. A regression dependence was obtained to estimate the required velocity of the gas flow to remove sand particles of different diameters. The study results have helped to select the composition of the foam and determine the optimal concentrations of surfactants and stabilizers in aqueous solutions to obtain stable foams that can be used to wash the sand plug at the bottom of wells in depleted gas and gas condensate fields. The velocities of the foam flow with and without the addition of a foam stabilizer for removal of solid-phase particles of different diameters from the bottom of the model well have been experimentally estimated. Two compositions of aqueous solutions of foaming surfactants and foam stabilizer for washing sand crusts at the bottom and removal of solid-phase particles from the bottom during the operation of wells have been substantiated. The composition of the cement mortar has been developed to create a strong gas-permeable stone in the bottomhole zone. The optimal value of the content of expanded perlite in the solution is established, at which the corresponding values of compressive strength and gas permeability of cement stone are provided. The influence of the size and permeability of gravel packing in the bottomhole zone on the productive characteristics of the well is theoretically established. According to the research results, the optimal values of the thickness and permeability of gravel packing in the bottomhole zone of the well with unstable reservoirs prevent the removal of sand from the reservoir into the well. Improved technology for intensifying the operation of wells with unstable reservoirs has been developed